Journal of Tropical Mycorrhiza

Production of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculum at Various Cow Urine POC Concentrations Using Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Host in Hydroponic System

Arbi Abdillah — 2026-04-30

This study aimed to evaluate the production of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculum at various concentrations of cattle urine-based liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) using sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) as the host plant in a hydroponic system. The experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments: PO (control), P1 (100% AB Mix), P2 (25 mL L^-1 cattle urine LOF), P3 (50 mL L^-1 cattle urine LOF), and P4 (75 mL L^-1 cattle urine LOF). The observed parameters included the percentage of root colonization, spore density per 10 g of substrate, and host plant growth, as indicated by plant height and biomass. The results demonstrated that cattle urine concentration had a significant effect on the success of AMF symbiosis and spore production. Treatments PO (control without nutrient addition) and P2 (25 mL L^-1 cattle urine LOF) produced the most effective outcomes, as indicated by the highest spore density and root colonization percentage compared to the other treatments. These findings suggest that low-nutrient conditions or low concentrations of cattle urine create an optimal environment for AMF proliferation. In conclusion, hydroponic production of AMF inoculum under minimal nutrient input or low doses of cattle urine represents an effective method for producing high-quality biofertilizer.

Symbiotic Efficiency of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth Dynamics and Root Colonization of Waxy Corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina)

Yuniyarti Hulu — 2026-04-30

One of the important food crops in Gorontalo is corn (Zea mays L. var. ceratina), and root health is very important in determining its growth and productivity. This study aims to determine the root shoot-root ratio and root infection of waxy corn plants given arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as biostimulants. This study was conducted from July to December 2025 using a completely randomized block design (RBD) with four different doses mycorrhizal arbuscular: 0, 10, 20, 30 g /polybag, which were replicated three times and observed periodically over 42 days after planting (DAP). The variables observed were root shoot-root ratio and root infection of plants at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting. The results showed that the application of mycorrhizae with different doses resulted in a root shoot ratio that increased in line with the increasing age of the plant. In contrast, it was interesting to find that in plant root infections, mycorrhizal application appeared to increase until the plants were 28 days after planting, after which it declined. This finding suggests that arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation given to plants at different doses can impact root health, as indicated by the ratio of root decay to root infection. The symbiosis between mycorrhizae and plants is crucial for the growth of waxy corn.

Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Xanthostemon petiolatus (Valeton) Peter G. Wilson at the Halu Oleo University Botanical Garden, Kendari

Husna Husna — 2026-04-30

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one type of mycorrhizal association with plant roots. AMF have a fungal structure in the form of arbuscules, vesicles, and hyphae, which are found in roots and spores in the soil. The research aimed to determine the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the rhizosphere of Xanthostemon petiolatus in the Botanical Gardens of Universitas Halu Oleo (UHO), Kendari. Studies that have been conducted show that Nona wood has a symbiotic relationship with AMF. The soil and plant root sampling method was carried out at the Botanical Gardens UHO Kendari, randomly (non-proportionally) based on the distribution of plants. Isolated plant roots and identification of AMF were carried out at the Plastic House of the Indonesian Mycorrhiza Association (AMI) Kendari Branch, Southeast Sulawesi Province, which took place during May-June 2024. The results of the research showed that X. petiolatus roots were colonized by AMF, as evidenced by the discovery of internal hyphae and external hyphae. A total of 6 species of AMF from the genus Glomus (5 species) and the genus Acaulospora (1 species) were found. The dominant type is Glomus. Diversity is included in the low category (H ' = 0.235). This type of AMF has the potential to be developed as a biofertilizer.

Single-Spore Culture of Racocetra crispa Using a Legume Tree Species

Faisal Danu Tuheteru — 2026-04-30

The propagation of Racocetra crispa using tree-like legume host plants has not yet been widely undertaken. This study aims to investigate the sporulation of R. crispa in single-spore cultures using legume tree host plants, namely sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), albizia (Albizia saponaria), johar (Cassia siamea), cajanus (Cajanus cajan), and lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala). The study was conducted at the Greenhouse of the Indonesian Mycorrhiza Association (AMI) Southeast Sulawesi Branch and the Forestry Department Laboratory of Halu Oleo University from November 2025 to February 2026. The study employed a completely randomised design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. The variables observed included culture success, AMF colonisation of the roots, and the number of spores formed at 3 months, 5 months, and after drying 10 g of medium. The results of the study showed that the A. saponaria host plant treatment yielded the best results, with a culture success rate of 86.67%, the highest AMF colonisation of 35.83%, and the highest number of spores at 5 months and after drying 10g of medium. Conversely, L. leucocephala showed the lowest results, with a culture success rate and spore count of 0%. The best host plant for the propagation of Racocetra crispa is A.saponaria.

Response of Actinomycetes Inoculation to the Growth Rate of waxy Corn (Zea mays var. ceratina)

Adelia Salsabila Rahman — 2026-04-30

Waxy corn (Zea mays var. ceratina) is an important food crop whose growth and productivity are strongly influenced by nutrient availability and soil microbial activity. The use of Actinomycetes as a biological biostimulant has gained attention due to its potential to enhance plant growth in an environmentally sustainable manner. This study aimed to evaluate the response of waxy corn growth rate to different doses of Actinomycetes inoculation. The experiment was conducted from July to December 2025 using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of three treatments: without Actinomycetes application (PA0), 5 g Actinomycetes (PA1), and 10 g Actinomycetes (PA2), with three replications for each treatment. Plant growth observations were performed at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after planting (DAP). Growth rate was determined based on the increase in plant dry biomass over each observation interval. The results showed that Actinomycetes inoculation affected the growth rate of waxy corn. The PA2 treatment consistently exhibited higher and more stable growth rates compared with PA0 and PA1 throughout the observation period. The enhanced growth performance was likely associated with the role of Actinomycetes in improving nutrient availability and stimulating vegetative development. In conclusion, the application of 10 g Actinomycetes demonstrated the greatest potential to increase the growth rate of waxy corn and may serve as an effective biological biostimulant for sustainable crop production.